Middle School Curriculum Guide

Fifth graders begin to read closely to penetrate the surface of novels, stories, poems, and articles. They learn how to read closely and with intention, and then begin to apply these analytical skills to their writing.

Reading

Writing

Grammar/Mechanics

Students use a variety of resources to learn the parts of speech, sentence types, subject-verb agreement, parts of a sentence, punctuation, and capitalization. Comma rules and how to use apostrophes are also studied.

Vocabulary

Students complete various activities to master new words and incorporate them into their own writing on a weekly basis. Vocabulary is consistently interwoven into reading and writing lessons to better support the students’ learning. Not only do they use their creativity to create and perform vocabulary skits, the students also use the words to practice various sentence types and to review the content of the class texts. 

Spelling

Students are responsible for the spelling of vocabulary words. In addition, all final drafts of student work are to reflect correct spelling.

Sixth-grade students use both oral and written language and technology for expressive, informative, argumentative, critical, and literary purposes. In order to speak and write effectively, students also explore the structure of language and study grammatical rules.

Reading

Students learn to interpret, synthesize, and evaluate a range of literature that is thematic in nature. In order to read effectively and more critically, students delve beyond a basic understanding of a text and explore elements of literature. Novels are selected to help students take notice of others and the world they live in and bring issues of social justice to the forefront. Class discussions encourage students to explore topics and to be open to contrasting views. 

Writing

Expository writing is the focus of the sixth-grade curriculum. The development of the writing process with strong topic sentences and details of support is the cornerstone of the writing program. A major goal is to teach students a formula and structure that can assist them as they write. The year begins with intensive sentence work that transitions to thoughtful paragraph responses and ends with multi-paragraph expository essays. Students are challenged to craft a variety of assignments that reflect independent thinking and analysis. These, along with class discussions, enable students to delve deeper into texts and to express themselves thoughtfully. 

Grammar

The sixth-grade grammar and writing programs are directly interwoven. Grammar studies are designed to enhance students’ ability to write and speak effectively. Students deepen their understanding of the parts of speech, which leads to a greater comprehension of the elements that make up sentences. The study of complex sentences and their usage is a cornerstone of the program. The effective use of such enhances the students’ critical thinking skills and ability to craft meaningful paragraphs.

Vocabulary

The study of vocabulary comes from assigned readings and Vocabulary Workshop. Students complete various exercises to assist them in learning word meanings, as well as in studying analogies and word families, in identifying synonyms and antonyms, and in choosing the correct word through the use of context clues and inference. 

Spelling

Although there is not a formal spelling unit, students are held accountable for correct spelling on all final papers and for any terms taught in class. 

Throughout the seventh-grade English curriculum, students build upon their foundations of literary analysis and enhance their ability to discuss and write about literature. With a primary focus on the writing process, often driven by the literature, students learn to write for a variety of purposes and audiences. Vocabulary and grammar instruction serves to strengthen the students’ ability to communicate their thoughts clearly and effectively.

Reading

In seventh-grade students explore what it means to be an outsider, how characters deal with fitting into their worlds (or being on the outside looking in), and what their individual journeys mean for one’s self-discovery. Through this lens, students will investigate how one navigates this perspective, and they will apply the lessons they learn to their own journeys as middle school students.Through a variety of literary genres, including short stories, plays, poetry, and novels,  students are able to analyze the forces that motivate characters and enhance their ability to identify main ideas and make inferences about the works; recall information; locate, identify, and discuss plot, theme, characterization, symbolism, setting, and atmosphere; and learn about a range of figurative language and poetic devices. 

Writing

Through consistent practice in seventh grade, students learn to write for a variety of purposes and audiences to more ably express their ideas through the written word. They practice formulating and defending a thesis in a literary essay. By the end of the year, students understand the steps of the writing process and the use of effective transitions, and they are able to revise and edit their work for clarity of expression.

Grammar

Students continue to enhance their understanding of the parts of a sentence and focus on employing the rules of grammar and mechanics to their written work. 

Vocabulary

Vocabulary drawn from the literary texts and from workbook exercises emphasizes synonyms, antonyms, and parts of speech, as well as use of context clues to establish meaning. 

Spelling

While spelling is not a formal unit, students are expected to use, but not rely on, the spell check function on their computers. Together, the study of spelling, grammar, vocabulary, and writing mechanics aims to improve students’ ability to derive meaning from what they read and to strengthen their written expression. 

The eighth-grade course in Language Arts emphasizes five major skills: the reading, understanding, and interpretation of literature; extensive writing; the mechanics of English: grammar, usage, vocabulary, and spelling; critical thinking skills; and listening skills.

Reading

The literature that students read includes a variety of enlightening books from both the classic and modern genres. Much of the literature chosen emphasizes humanistic themes and values, helping students to understand the world and to respect people who are different from themselves. The reading encourages both written and oral reactions to its themes and ideas, as interesting, thought-provoking material stimulates thinking and sparks exciting class discussions. Outside reading is always encouraged. We hope that each student grows to appreciate the beauty and diversity of life and humanity through the books we share.

Writing

Clear, effective writing is the most powerful tool students can acquire. The main objective of the writing program is to teach students to write clearly and concisely, thus allowing them to communicate confidently and logically as they strive to incorporate creativity with their own personal writing style. With many models of good reading and writing, we hope to inspire students to write often and without effort.

Students who read, write better, and students who write, read more. The more students are exposed to graceful sentences and rich language, the easier it is for them to create such in their own writing. Good writing takes hard work, and eighth-grade students write regularly both in class and at home, gathering ideas and responding to their reading. Students learn to organize and shape their work, write multiple drafts, practice peer and self-editing, and revise with care and thought.

The eighth-grade writing program includes specific strategies and activities for developing complex sentences, outlining, writing paragraphs and essays, and revising and editing. Our goal as writing teachers is to help students discover their own style of writing, thus making them independent, confident writers who enjoy words and are willing to take risks with language. When students leave the eighth grade, it is our wish that they realize and appreciate the magic and power of writing and the exciting uses of language.

Students write in class at least once a week, using the assigned literature as springboards for their piece or specific writing prompts designed to elicit personal responses. During writing periods, students also learn how to manage timed writing assignments. Throughout the year, students practice writing for different audiences and purposes: to inform, to persuade, to express an opinion, to reflect, and to entertain. In addition, the use of a multiple paragraph outline for formal essay writing is reinforced continually so that students have an organized framework from which to argue a thesis statement with specific examples and quotations from the literature studied.

Grammar

Formal grammar is an important part of the eighth-grade course. A clear and thorough understanding of the fundamental structure of English serves to sharpen students’ power of analysis, to clarify and strengthen their writing, and to help students appreciate the beauty and structure of the English language. A student’s awareness of grammatical principles and their names (parts of speech, phrase-clause work, punctuation, usage) helps in both beginning drafts and subsequent corrections and suggested revisions.

Vocabulary

Vocabulary study is from Vocabulary Workshop, which uses the following exercises to reinforce weekly word lists: completing the sentence, finding synonyms and antonyms, selecting the right word through context clues, and working with analogies.

Spelling

Students are held accountable for correct spelling in all of their final drafts. While there is no formal spelling program in the eighth grade, teachers address specific spelling issues that recur in students’ writing.